1867–1999 · Americas · Rights
Canadian Confederation expanded west and north through treaties, settlement and coercion; First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities negotiated, resisted and survived dispossession and residential schools.
Atlas dossier · Industrial & Imperial AgeFree device narration · synchronized English captions · transcript available
Why it matters
Canadian Confederation expanded west and north through treaties, settlement and coercion; First Nations, Inuit and Métis communities negotiated, resisted and survived dispossession and residential schools.
First Nations · Inuit · Métis · Louis Riel · Canadian officials · residential-school survivors
Canada’s formation cannot be separated from Indigenous sovereignty, the North-West Resistance, treaty obligations and continuing demands for truth and restitution.
Interpretation note
This dossier distinguishes the event’s basic chronology from later arguments about meaning, responsibility and legacy. When comparing religious, national, Indigenous or scholarly interpretations, consult the primary and institutional sources above alongside peer-reviewed historical work.
Elsewhere in the world
1868–1912 · AsiaMeiji transformation of JapanJapan centralized government, industrialized rapidly and reorganized education and the military while building an empire of its own.
1864–1938 · GlobalLabour and trade-union movementsWorkers built unions, parties and international organizations to contest dangerous conditions, low wages and political exclusion.
1860–1913 · GlobalInternal combustion, automobiles and mass mobilityImproved internal-combustion engines and the automobile industry turned liquid fuel into personal and freight mobility on a vast scale, especially through twentieth-century mass production.