1566–1581 CEIn-depth studyTitle page of the Act of Abjuration, Charles Silvius, Leiden,1581. Printed witness, not the manuscript minute. The supplied title-page extract is retained in full, including the library stamp.Picture source & rightsUniversity Library Utrecht via Wikimedia Commons · Public domain · Native dimensions and complete supplied extract retained; WebP encoding · Licence termsEurope / FaithThe Netherlands: petition, union and withdrawal of allegiancePetitions, provincial agreements and the Act of Abjuration record changing answers to royal authority and religious coercion. Their differences resist a story of one united nation declaring a modern republic in a single moment.Read →